Cosi Essay Example for Free

Cosi EssayMoreover, Nowra dis solves black comedy through the cites unc come inh and crude dialogue. The antenna of a play within a play is utilize to mirror the life of Lewis within the play itself. It is only if through the drop of these structural techniques. It is only through the utilisation of such structural techniques that Nowra is able to accentuate the intensity and hammy impact of Cosi The initial and most dominant structural technique used by Nowra to vividly and visually depict to the auditory sense love and our compassion for others in our society, is his use of structure in the text. Act one begins with the play opening move in an old and burnt out theatre theatre this symbolises the presence of confusion and uncertainty in the atmosphere. However, the theatre undergoes a slow transformation for the characters as the rehearsals gradually progresses. The first act of the play is used to depict the relationship of the characters and their perception of the r ight(prenominal) world, Will outsiders see the show? by asking this, scarlet acknowledges the difference between the world she exists in and the rest of society, distancing herself from the outside world and the people in it.Act one show the internal relationships of the characters, which eventually applies the striking impact. Moreover, the second act of the play is designed to portray the inner workings of the characters minds. Nowra uses employs the technique of contrasting the cardinal acts in order to not only show the transformation experiences by the characters, but to also show the two different perspectives of mental health in the 1970s.Thus, Nowra asserts through this technique that at that place be in fact two competing perspectives of mental health, one within the institution and also an outside perception, hence challenging the characters own ranges and beliefs. *** It buns be understood that Nowra uses the structural techniques of contrasting two acts, in order to show a transformation undergone by the characters and to show the inner working verses the outside perspective of mental health in the 1970s. They face their own challenges and values as they learn more about their own abilities.Nowra also demonstrates to the interview that these are extraordinary people not judgmentally insane, Cosi gave me something to think about, something to do, see Im happy coming to this burnt out theatre. Through the use of the two contrasting acts, the audience is Shown the characters extraordinary change which is accentuated by the use of structural techniques such as the jux dabosition of the two acts, Which allows the characters to transform and finally come out of their shells.Nowra also uses dialogue to contrast characters and highlight to the audience that they are people worthy of viewing in a play. Nowra challenges the audiences perception of mental health in the twentieth century when he introduces the character Doug, who is a ___(frail and bro ken young man who perceives life as nothing more than a pile of crap). Dougs dialogue is direct and blunt but also intelligent and socially correct when he says _________________________________________________________ the way outsiders deal with mental illness in the institution.His use of uninhibited heterosexuality highlights that the patients are not afraid to say what they are thinking and that what they are thinking is the same as a person in a broader society. Youre not deaf are you? this type of dialogue indicates that he knows how to behave socially, as he asks the right questions, in fact Lewis seems as if he is mental, hence why Doug asks if he is deaf. In the conversation with Doug and Lewis we see Doug asking questions, which seem to be inappropriate, Lewis ________________quote for when he uses synonyms_______hesitantly replies. Do you love her? , does she sleep most. From this we see that Doug has good mental agility, as his sequence of Questions are in fact, soci ally correct.. Moreover, Dough is portrayed as intelligent which is highlighted when he articulates synonyms for location and dwelling. The directness comes at his question, are you a poofta? which ultimately gets the laugh from the audience It is these uncensored, blunt and awkward lines that create the desired shocked but amused response from the audience.The trick within a play is a technique employed to mirror Lewis life with the words of an opera and escalate the desired dramatic response by Nowra. When mirroring Lewis life, Nowra touches on the theme of love and compels the audience to assess their own attitudes to love at the conclusion of the play. We are encouraged to empathise with the characters as they discover the value of love and loyalty. (Find a quote research play within a play. ) What is going to happen to the couples in the future a life of torment and criminal conversation.Nowra purposely draws on the consequences of immorality through Zac to show the generali sation on the modern world, towards the end of the play this statement ironically contests the final events of Cosi fan tute. some other effect that the play within a play acts as is a filter which allows the audience to see the issues of the external world through the behaviours of the characters. Nowra anticipates the audience to tap into the worries and dilemmas that they face from the actors, Its just that in here you miss out on a lot of changes in societys morals.The audience are also involved in the actors reality and are able to relate to their lives and reconsider and redefine their own morals and values. Consequently, the audience are drawn into the play to such a real level that they are affected by the characters problems, feelings, motivations and search for reality. Thus, the technique of mirroring the characters lives creates a surreal and realistic impact on the audience, hence heightening the vivid effect of Cosi. In order to create an intense and dramatic impact o f the play, Nowra utilizes various structural techniques throughout Cosi.The use of two contrasting acts displays the transformation of many significant characters and invites the audience to the concept of transformation of the individual. Moreover, the frank and univocal dialogue assigned to the characters prove to the audience that Cosi is a play worth viewing and create the desired shock response by the audience. Furthermore, Nowra scripts a play within a play to compare and contrast the parallel between the play and the lives of the characters, thus extending the dramatic impact of Cosi to each member of the audience.

The low growth of women Essay Example for Free

The low growth of women EssayDue to the low growth of women entering in the politics, people all around the population are suggesting different approaches to enhance the growth of women in the semipolitical sector. Applying quota system is one of the approaches. The initiation of quotas in legislation for women puts forward a policy of exact means and goals. Due to the systems affectability and efficiency the masses think that this approach lead increase the re giveation of women in the politics. But these quota systems also baptismal font strong resilience and raise genuinely serious questions. How to execute the quota policy? What happened to the countries who adopted the quota systems? What arguments come up for the use of quotas? Justification The main thought bed using the quota approach is to encourage women to participate more in politics and work in political positions and also see to that the women are not solo a few tokens in the political scenario. Quotas ensur e that women are entitled to have a specified percentage of the associates in the legislative body, whether it is a committee, an concourse or a government.Quota systems help to raise the representation of women in the political world to ensure that women are not left out or organism isolated and are at the every step of the political systems (Niven, 1998). Pros of quota system ? Quotas will help to minimize the stress faced by the already present token women in the parliament or committee. ? It will help to raise the rights of women as a civilian in the same demonstration. ? The need of womens experiences in the political life can be filled. ? It will help to represent the qualities and qualifications of women, which are the same as men, in the male dominated society.? The fact is the political parties nominate the selections, not the voters, who only decide which nominee is elected. ? Conflicts may arise by applying quotas, but it would be temporary and will do a push-down list o f good in the long run in the representation of women in the political frame. Opposing view point According to Anna Balletbo and many others quotas are considered as double ended swords. Each end gives the male the upper hand over women. At one end, men think to empower the women by involving them in finis making and creating more opportunities for them.But at the other end, the men who are responsible for creating opportunities for women will try to find the women whom they can manage very easily and only allow the specific type of women who accept the domination of man over women (International IDEA, 2007). Cons of quota system ? Quotas represent unequal opportunity for all as it is not purely based on deserve and favors women. ? Quotas also represent an undemocratic atmosphere as the voters are not able to make the close about who is going to be elected.? Quotas simply shows that the political candidates are nominated because of their gender rather then their qualifications, w hich creates a system of unfairness as merit is not being preferred and people with higher capabilities and higher qualifications are brushed aside by the quota system. ? Women dont want to get voluminous in politics because of the perception that women cannot be a part of government. ? Implementation of quotas will create many inter- party conflicts and lead to political instability. ConclusionThe prime objective of quota system is to increase the number of women in the political scenario and clearly represent the under acknowledge gender in the political system. A flourishing quota arrangement will allow the ample amount of qualified women candidates to be recruited by the political group or party, and a certain number of women will be in the part of the government instead of the few token ones and lastly it will allow the elected women candidates to enforce their fancys and their feminist thinking in decision making process.Just to pass a rule to allow women a 30 per cent se ating in the parliament is not adequate. Implementation of the quotas is essential. Regulations should be kept clear cut, the vaguer they are, the more the risk of the non-implementation of quota regulations. Implementing the quota system will not silence its critics, as the regulative body and the supporters of quota system need to understand, that their criticism is not temporary and have to be dealt throughout the future. By introducing quota system in the government bodies, in the bypast decade, has made considerable rise in the women politicians in most of the countries.These countries experienced a change in the policies and a significant growth in the women decision making. But it also depends upon the women as to how much they are loyal to their respective political parties and how much of the policy of quota is implemented (Tremblay, 2008). Through research it has been shown that women who are employed in some sort of civil society work have got a higher chance of gettin g elected then the ones who dont and they also enjoy a greater influence on bills and policies then other women.Even if the quota system is implemented many overleap are still to overcome in all the male-dominated societies. Reference Niven, David. The Missing Majority The Recruitment of Women as State Legislative Candidates. Praeger, 1998. International IDEA. Designing for par Best-Fit, Medium-Fit and Non-Favourable Combinations of Electoral Systems and Gender Quotas. International Idea, 2007. Tremblay, Manon. Women and Legislative Representation Electoral Systems, Political Parties, and Sex Quotas. Palgrave Macmillan, 2008.

Strategic Decision Making In A Textile Company Information Technology Essay

Strategic finality Making In A Textile Company nurture Technology strainThe framework and app arl sedulousness stands bulge out prominently as one of the most globalized industries in the world today. It is different from producer driven supply chain led by multinational companies. The app bel industry is a Buyer-driven commodity chain led by a coalition of retailers, contractors, subcontractors, merc conkisers, buyers, and suppliers. Each participating entity plays a role in a network of supply chains which span from fibers, to yarn, to fabrics, to accessories, to garments, to trading and marketing. Geographically, they span multi-continents and crosses regional and national boundaries. With the reducing pro tot up margin and continue of modern computing communication networks, it is essential that any textile and array industry seriously consider establishing a cost effective IT infrastructure to view as their competitive edge.Research will be carried out in small and medi um scale app atomic get 18l industries. The study of the explore will be to stationWhat reading they require when making decisivenesssThe use of IT and IS when making finissRecommendation of suitable IT infrastructure1.3 Project AimAs the manufacturing industry becomes to a greater extent globalized, the multi-factory supply-chain model has emerged. When some(prenominal) growthion lines are producing different products on one supply chain, it could generate loads of study and entropy to be exchanged, supplied and received. The garment-manufacturing industry always aims for new product ontogenesis and efficiency improvement in production. In past years, advanced computer technologies already facilitate new manufacturing operation and build up focussing tools. Todays manufacturers are looking towards more advances and benefits with their focuses shifted to many different types of networking tools. These tools do enable them to seek better opportunities on more complicated areas working with RFID like gillyflower mold and supply-chain management, as well as the B2B e-commerce transactions. However, while employing this latest engineering science, manufacturers are facing a long-standing problem how the new technologies and systems can bring better insurance insurance coverage and applicatoryity to the running of the companies.1.4 Project ObjectivesThe objectives of this project are in two folds notably research and experimental objectives. The research objectives focus on the identification of relevant techniques and cognition that could possibly emerge during the conduct of this project. On the other hand the experimental objectives deal with specific put to workes, software or other materials including simulation models and programming codes that whitethorn be constructed to facilitate the smooth conduct of this project. Research will be carried out study how IT and IS supports to all the levels of finding making and the tools which is app ly by the companies. By identify what type of decisions and what cultivation they represent suggest the use of certain analytical tools to enhance support measures for decisions in fit industry. Techniques from operations research are applied to develop profit optimization and cost minimization models. Statistics and accounting methods are used for comparing costs of sourcing collaborations, and basic math is used in cost estimates.The overall main and core research questions of this study is to analyze how the IS and IT influences the apparel trade when making decisions. More specifically, what are the pros and cons in tools and how that influences the apparel decision making process?In order to carry out the research further the main research question will be What is the impact of IS and IT on strategic decision in an organisation employ a textile company as a case study?Below are the objectives of this work.What are the strategic decisionsWhat are the strategic decisions in Te xtile CompanyWhat are the factors which impact strategic decisionWhat are the features of information required in strategic decisionsHow has IS/IT influenced strategic decision in the organisation under studyWhat are future recommendation to use IS/IT to benefit strategic decision in textile organisation1.3 Rationale Of StudyRationale of the study will be carried out to offers combination of fast growing IT IS which provides extravagantlyer level of visibility and control to make decisions. For fashion professionals with a more usage-oriented approach, attempt to demonstrate the usefulness of available analytical and mathematical tools, which could benefit profits and support sourcing decisions. Most of the apparel companies devoted a huge amount of effort on decision making process exploitation IT to improve efficiency. Information System (IS) and Information technology (IT) can be eventually lead to the development and creation of any kind of decision making and enhances the de cision effectiveness in industry, using the info to decision model as a basis. In many respects, economy of any country in the world has been coordinated by the visible hand of the government decisions. The world economy is becoming a borderless one, which directly affects the economy of any country driving it into an open economy. The rising cost of production factors, hire rates, interest rates, GDP, inflation rate, etc stalls economic growth. Both public and private sectors are looking for ways to maintain their competitive edge by astir(p) economic efficiency, and one of those efforts is the use of Information Technology and Information Systems. They are making an utmost effort to build the information-communication infrastructure, and promoting to explore new business opportunities using IS and IT.Identify threats and opportunitiesChapter 2Literature ReviewIntroduction to the CASE studyThe textile /apparel pipeline is a serial of interrelates activities which originates wit h the manufacture of fiber and culminates in the delivery of a product into the hands of the consumer.Information Technology (IT)In the 1960s and 1970s, the terminformationtechnology(IT) was a little k instantern explicate that was used by those who worked in places like banks and hospitals to describe the processes they used to storeinformation. With the paradigm shift to computingtechnologyand paperless workplaces,informationtechnologyhas come to be a household phrase. It defines an industry that uses computers, networking, software programming, and other equipment and processes to store, process, retrieve, transmit, and protectinformation.Information Systems (IS)The largest growth in most economies is coming from information industries. The success of such experience-based organizations lies in their information systems. Also, forced by technological change and globalization of markets, many manufacturing industries are in any case placing increasing emphasis upon information systems. Information systems are more than just computer programs. Though information and communications technologies are playing an increasing role in meeting organizations information needs, an information system is a much more general concept. It refers to the wider systems of people, data and activities, both computer-based and manual, that effectively gather, process, store and disseminates organizations information.Information systems, as a discipline, focus on exploring the interface amongst management, information science and computer science. Computer Science focuses on information technology software. Information Systems mediates the two opposing worlds of human activity systems and information technology.Strategic finales In most businesses, a few decisions make the difference between superior performance and ordinary results. provided strategic decisions are seldom easy. They call for high quality synopsis and strategic thinking, in order to select the right decision from amongst the many possible options. They also depend on skills in managing the decision process, including sequencing activities, defining roles, effective teamwork and handling the people side. This practical and highly interactive programme will help you improve the quality of your strategic decision making, providing practical tools for addressing both the analytic and process management challenges.Strategic decision address the business of today and the future, not only markets and decision making but also social developments, implications of strategy on the organisational structure and climate (Hussey,1990). Examples of strategic decision problems can be found in the areas of marketing, pricing, investment, financing, production changes, production technology, etc..Information systems are tools to assist executives in strategic management (Liu and Savolainen, 1994a-c, Partanen and Savolainen,1995,Walden,1992). They offer analytical facilities to assist in clarifying comple x problems in behavioral thinking, competitor and enviormental analysis , value chains and performance ,etc.,Strategic decisions should be well planned and well controlled. Strategic supplying is a complex decision making process for the corporation that involves planning and modifying of organizational objectives, resources for implementing them and utilization of the resources (Ansoff ad McDonnell, 1990)Strategic decisions can be classified asStructured decisions Semi- structured decisions Unstructured decisions Impact of IS and IT in Strategic Decisions From new business models to new types of business, information technology has become a key driver of business and an essential component of corporate strategy. But simply acquiring technology is not enough organizations moldinessiness manage IT effectively to gain the competitive advantage.Henry Lucass Information Technology Strategic Decision Making for Managers focuses on the key knowledge and skills you need to take an acti ve role in managing technology and obtain the maximum benefits from investing in IT. offer streamlined, up-to-date coverage, the text is ideally suited for MBA students or anyone who wants to learn more about how to gain the competitive advantage by success fullyy managing IT.Focuses on managerial issues This text explores the many real technology issues confronting todays managers, such as what to do with legacy systems, when to outsource, and how to choose a source of processing and services.Shows how to evaluate IT investments Two full chapters cover the value of information technology and how to evaluate IT project proposals using both net present value and real options approaches.Balances technical and managerial coverage This balance helps you understand how diverse companies have developed their IT architectures and environments.Explains the various applications of technology Concrete examples illustrate major IT applications, such as ecommerce, ERP, CRM, decision and intell igent systems, and knowledge management.Problems in which the stakes are extremely high, in which human perceptions and judgments are involved, and whose solutions have long-term repercussions, call for a rational approach to their solution. Various techniques are in use for decision making at the strategic level. However, at this level the problems are ill defined are usually presents in legal injury that are uncertain, fuzzy and confusing, while problem-solving techniques based on sound mathematical principles can only be applied to systematic and well-formed problems. This mismatch between problems and their solution methods leads to the frustration of pull in decision makers and their loss of confidence inn mathematical techniques.In todays highly uncertain world making a decision which has long term implications requires a thorough understanding of likely or possible future situations and also the ability to balance a large number of controllable and uncontrollable parameters . However, the time now given to decision makers to reach high risk long term decision is decreasing.The economic structure of an industry is not an accident. Its complexities are the result of long-term social trends and economic forces. But its effects on you as a business manager are nimble because it determines the competitive rules and strategic decisions which make. Learning about that structure will provide essential insight for your business strategy and it will help to make decisions. either aspect of management in the modern age relies heavily on information and technology to succeed. It is an of the essence(predicate) reserve needed to develop assets. Strategic Decision making and planning has been a topic of considerable importance and interest to Information System professionals in both the business and academic communities since the 1970s. Decision making and planning is recognized as a critical competitiveness issue. Today, because information systems (IS) and infor mation technology (IT) serve as the driver of many organizational transformations, in that respect is increased pressure on organizations to leverage their investments in technology and information systems. Success usually occurs when an organization is able to achieve congruence between IS and IT with organizational decision making and planning, and this is achieved when the technical and general managers of an organization work collaboratively. The strategic decision making and planning process is intended to ensure that technology activities are properly aligned with the evolving needs and strategies of the organization. This paper will examine the research on this ever-important topic and suggest a process that will assist in the achievement of decision making and planning success.Over the years, many organizations have made technology decisions and acquisitions that impact organizational information systems (IS) on the basis of what they entrust or recommendations from vendor s or colleagues from other organizations. The end result of this approach toward decision making and expenditure of funds has been quite unpredictable. The pervasive nature of IS IT in todays organizations bring together with increased pressure to leverage technology assets has dramatically increased the importance of strategic information systems planning (Bechor, Neuman, Zviran and Glezer, 2009). Today, most organizations insist that technology and IS related decisions be made with a clear understanding of business and organization strategy and direction.Hoque, Sambamurthy, Zmud, Trainer, and Wilson, (2005) in Winning the 3 Legged Race define alignment as the situation in which a companys current and emerging business strategy is enabled, supported and unconstrained by technology. Piccoli (2008, p. 155) states that organizations achieve a high degree of fit and consonance between priorities and activities of the IS function and the strategic direction of the firm when they are a ble to achieve this so called strategic alignment. Alignment has become one of the top issues and concerns of IS management executives (Gutierrez, Orozco, and Serrano, 2009).A framework that helps to clarify the importance of information systems in todays organizations is the Information Systems Strategy Triangle. The message conveyed by the triangle is that it is important for the three elements of the triangle, that is to say Business, Organizational and Information Systems strategies to align with and complement each other. It is important to note that Business Strategy resides at the top of the triangle. The triangle is depicted as follows (Pearlson and Saunders, 2010, p.23). in that location are no shortcuts to the strategic decision making process. Preparatory steps that ensure that business, organizational and information systems and technology used are aligned in a complementary fashion, are extremely important. Internal and external assessments need to be addressed, and t he overall role of technology and information systems within the organization must be determined. A sense of how much should be spent on technology initiatives is also mandated. The most important point to remember is that the decision making process for technology must be part of the overall business plan.Practically speaking, strategy states the direction we want to go and how we intend to get there, and a plan depicts a view of the future that guides current day decision making (McNurlin, Sprague, and Bui, 2009). Organizations need to develop a strategic planning process in order to provide a context for decision making.Deciding on the type of tools to use in the decision making process is neither straight nor simple. The process is complex, there is not a single best approach, and arriving at a single best methodological analysis for a specific organization is just about impossible. As a result, many organizations utilize a combination of approaches.Decision making using inform ation systems and technology was previously the work of technology and systems professionals. It has now changed to be a collaborative planning challenge of parties including top managers, business unit managers, technology and systems professionals, and sometimes external stakeholders such as customers and alliance partners (Ruohonen, 1996).Thus, planning and decision making becomes a partnership among those with technical skills, the information systems group, and the general and functional managers of the organization. This process requires discussion, clarification, negotiation and the achievement of a mutual understanding (Piccoli, 2008 McNurlin, et al., 2009).With todays a step evolving technology advances, along with the somewhat unpredictable emergence of new competitors brought about by the Internet, organizations do not have a year to develop a plan, several years to implement the plan, and a three to five year useful life for the decision making plan. Everything that is technology-related moves at a rapid pace and change is inherent in the adoption of new technology and ISs. Due to the rapidly changing technology environment, many feel that a sense and reply approach to planning is appropriate. When apparent opportunities appear, organizations need to respond quickly in order to take advantage (McNurlin, et al., 2009). Some rapid responses may be viewed later as failed experiments, but that may prove to be better than a lost opportunity.In the preliminary planning preparation, those responsible for the planning process must decide which combination, if any, of the above planning techniques to employ as the process is designed. Generally as methodologies are developed, four elements for consideration emerge. They include an opinion of what needs to be solved, defined techniques on what has to be doneand when to do it, advice on how to manage the quality of deliverables, and a tool kit to facilitate process (Ishak and Alias, 2005).Most processes al so include a situation analysis in the form of Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats (SWOT). This analysis addresses the organizations internal and external influences, strategy formulation, and specific goals along with tactical and operational plans for achieving the goals (Semiawan and Middleton, 1999).Technology and information systems play an ever-increasing role in todays organizational environment. Because of the rapidly changing nature of technology developments, it is sometimes difficult to employ standard planning processes. The primary rule of thumb for information systems planning is that the planning process must be designed and conducted in alignment with organizational and business plans. Most organizations now agree that IS is an important strategic organizational resource that can provide strategic advantage and boost business performance (Brown, 2004). As part of their plan, many organizations have adoptive a sense and respond position with regard to op portunities that may present themselves. Often, a scenario development approach that looks to possible future developments is essential to help combat the rapid rate of technology change.There are multiple planning tools available for the strategic information systems planning process. Choosing the tools that meet the needs of the organization and conduce focus to the desired areas of emphasis is critical.Finally, organizations should consider the introduction of technology-driven approaches to planning to help with speed, efficiency, flexibility and communications.2.1 Preliminary Literature ReviewFor the past 15 years, many apparel companies have been actively monitoring their supply chains. Throughout, the majority has looked to factory owners and managers to wants to make decisions to changes in factory conditions and operations to comply with local laws and meet brand compliance requirements. To meet requirements, demands were placed on suppliers to increase wages, minimize ex cessive overtime hours, secure freedom of association, and improve health and safety systems for workers. Simultaneously, brands were dictating lower and lower prices for products. change magnitude demand for products at lower prices frequently prevents suppliers from having the resources necessary to abide by the standards laid out in codes of conduct.Information engine room is a technique for extracting the intend contained in information that is needed by a user to make a right decision. Information is the raw material of human thinking, but it is the inwardness and understanding that is the raw material of decision thinking, and the human decision maker acquires this meaning and understanding from the message content of the information. The process by which raw data is translated into decisions is depicted in the Data-to-Decision Cycle model . This low information utilization occurs because the user does not have enough diagnostic time to acquire the rattling information bu ried in the report. Therefore, the goal should be to optimize the quality of the messages transmitted through the interface from the information system to the human user. Information Engineering assists in this process.Chapter 33.1 MethodologyFor the purposes of conducting this project, the quantitative methodology was adopted as it had stronger ties with the aims and objectives of this work compared to the other types such as the qualitative and ethnographic methodologies. With the quantitative methodology several quantities may need to be measured, analyzed and results presented as evidence to justify any conclusions that may be drawn. This contrasts with qualitative methodology which focuses on native matters like behavior and perception. It is however acknowledged that minor elements involving qualitative analysis such as observations may also need to be made to be made occasionally to help advance an argument. Other, two research approaches notably, descriptive and analytical approaches would be used in conjunction with the quantitative methodology to arrange this project. The descriptive approach would be employed to help describe the usage of IT IS and how it is important to the strategic decisions making whiles the analytical approach would be useful in analyzing all secondary data collected for the purposes of this work as well as help to assess experimental outcomes.3.2 Primary ResearchPrimary research is used to collect data for the case study. Types of primary data collection methods includeQualitative research There are four major methods used by qualitative researches such as observation, analyzing text and documents, interview and focus groupsQuantitative research Major quantitative research methods are using literature, using technology and statistics3.3 Secondary ResearchSecondary research was carried out to gather information of existing data as well as evaluate and unify the information from the various sources in order to answer speci fic research questions. During the secondary research will be looking forward to gather information about advertising and brands in books and periodicals by using library resources. Case studies will be used for gather additional information such as pros cons about the research topic .Case studies included the aims and objectives of several advertisements and a general critic of their design. Since case studies demonstrate examples from the real world, it will help to improve the cabalistic understanding and analysis on real situations.3.4 Data CollectionDZ Group Ltd, is an independent medium scale apparel garment which is based in capital of the United Kingdom South Gate which is established in 1980s. The case study has been conducted in aid of said company. Prior to the initiation of the project following methods has been used for data collection..Interviews an interview was carried out by the author with the contact person at the sponsor company. Interviews are highly formali zed and structured using standard questioners. The interviews were carried out asStructured interviews used standard specified questioners and refer to each individual participant. This interview was documented and provided pertinent information used in the development of the Terms of Reference for the project.Semi structures interview used standard specified questioners and additional questions has been asked of individual participants.Questionnaires or Surveys A questionnaire is an enquiry tool that consists of a series of standard questions used for the purpose of gathering useful information from individual participant.

The Playboy of the Western World Analysis

The man-about-town of the Western World AnalysisJ.M. Synges highly controversial play The man-about-town of the Western World crackd the lower-middle-class capital of Ireland earshot to a different portrayal of Irish countryside life as opposed to the traditional idyllic image they were accustomed to. Synge strongly employs the element of raillery in his play, implemented as a device to shock his conventional auditory modality the plays lack of morals would strike moodyended the audience, so satire is in addition roled to inject humour, creating a light-hearted tragi commencedy. In pages 59 62 the presence of satire can be analysed in terms of satirising gender, religion and the presentation of unsophisticated Ireland, in addition to how satire is present throughout the entire play.Synge depicts Christy Mahon as a weak, frightened, young man at the beginning of the excerpt, whereas Pegeen is given a strong, nigh masculine persona, protecting him from the Widows advances . When the Widow is introduced, the audience sees Christy clinging to Pegeen exclaiming Oh Glory with Pegeen having to hurriedly give Christy his supper and usher him off to bed like a child. In this extract, the audience sees how Pegeen is given the protector role, exhibiting maternal instincts. In 1907, the satirising of gender roles shown with Synge giving more status to women than men would amuse the audience, as it conflicts with the traditional Irish patriarchal society. Christy is varicoloured as the classic damsel-in-distress, with Pegeen having to fight the Widow, angrily telling her that she will not have him tormented, and he destroyed travelling since Tuesday was a week. Again it is evident that Christy is shying outdoor(a) from his expected male role, leaving Pegeen to defend him, amusing the audience. When the Widow pulls Christy up, as theyd best be going, young fellow so rise up and come with me, Pegeen retaliates by seizing his arm, insisting hell not stir. Christ y has been compromised in terms of his masculinity two women have physically placed their control over him, and Christy lacks the potentiality to disprove their control.This scene would have been very comedic, as not only are Pegeen and the Widow effectively having a brawl, a male associated activity, but Christy is lost in the middle, like a female. Traditionally, it would have been the men who wooed the women, but Synge has ignored this, with Christy being rather violently wooed by Pegeen and the Widow, eliciting laughter from the audience, who would find the explicit use of satire highly amusing. Synge is presenting Christys essential emasculation, shown by reversing traditional gender roles. Later on in the play a mule race takes place as D. P. Moran observes, the pursuit of physical-contact Gaelic games was used as an antidote to such emasculation. Christys partaking in the race shows how he used this opportunity to reassert his gender later feeling weakened by Pegeen and th e Widow.Throughout the excerpt from p.59-62, repeated references are made to religion, many in the form of Father Reilly, the local priest. Though he is not seen in the excerpt, his presence is acknowledged as he is partially why the Widow went to find Christy Mahon when Pegeen asks her What ails you, or what is it youre wanting at this hour of the night? the Widow replies that she was after meeting Shawn Keogh and Father Reilly below, who told me of your curiosity man, and they fearing by this time he was roaring, romping on your hands with drink. The audience would not be surprised by Father Reillys attitudes, as in the 1900s Ireland was a piously Catholic nation, as Jane Abbottsmith explains The term Irish Irelander originated to characterize the true Irishman Catholic and with Irish ancestry, learned in Irish folklore and able in the speaking and reading of the Gaelic language. Abbottsmith continues to remark that it was the Irish peasants, who were the traditionally pious, Cat holic population that was well versed in Irish folklore. Though the 1900s audience would have expected the priests intervention, a modern audience would find it comedic how Pegeen being alone with Christy has prompted such a flustered reaction, suggesting Synges attitudes were ahead of his time. Irish society was devoutly religious, so the audience would have been surprised at how Father Reilly is the only religious character. The other characters do not seem to incorporate religion in their personas, shocking the audience. However, the only other character to be religious would cause offence the Widow Quin remarks to Christ God save you mister which is highly dry as her intentions for him are far from holy. Seeing such a scandalized, predatory character using the Lords name would have undoubtedly offended the audience. The power of the Catholic Church is a running theme throughout the play, as Synge would be aware that his audience would compare what they see onstage to the Church s teachings. Therefore Synge has satirised religion to expose the absurdity of the extreme religious views in Ireland a lack of religion in the other characters further show the audience how independent country Ireland is from middle-class conventions.The portrayal of life in the Irish countryside was undoubtedly one of the main sources of controversy in the play. The middle class audience would have had the conception of rude Ireland employing a quiet, idyllic life however Synges play disproves this, county Mayo being the antithesis to their expectations. Christy is welcomed with open arms, despite the town knowing he murdered his father. As Adrian Fraser notes, The Playboy could be read as exploring a converse proposition a communal willingness to absorb (even glorify) those who break the ultimate taboo against patricide. Christys glorification would greatly guardianship the audience, inducing outrage. By satirising countryside life, Synge was providing a social commentary on life in the isolated rural coast. However, Christy is later disgraced in the play, when the characters realise they have been deceived. When Pegeen tells of how the Widow supposedly murdered her husband, where she hit himself with a worn pick, and the rusted poison did corrode his blood the way he never overed it, and died after. That was a furtive kind of murder did win small glory with the boys itself the audience would be shocked that such sin runs free in the countryside. As Fraser again writes, The Playboy of the Western World is a social satire of rural life that is fantastic, grotesque, and profound. At the plays conclusion, when Christy leaves Pegeen for his adventures, the audience would find humour at the contrast between their futures Christy is off to live a life of excitement, whilst Pegeen is doomed to a fate of marrying Shawn and a dull life in County Mayo. The difference in their fates reinforces the plays status as a tragicomedy.Synge uses the element of satire in his play to expose to the middle class Dublin audience what life was like for the masses of the countryside the plays controversy stemmed from people disliking what they saw. By satirising gender roles, religion and the idyllic conception of Irish countryside life, Synge was effectively able to annul the pastoral sentiments felt towards them, illustrating to the middle class how independent rural Ireland was to the pretentious Dubliners. As Heidi Holder says Synge makes it quite clear to his audiences that their beloved image of the Irish country folk was a mere building a construction eminently open to challenge, and it was precisely this dismantling of the distinctions between fiction and reality that was the source of Synges conflict with his audience.

International joint venture

world(prenominal) correlative impale vocalize menace is one and notwithstanding(a) of the favored international commercialise entry modes by many firms but it suffers high failure rate. Construct a review of literature on how to coif international adjunction venture successfully.International marijuana cig arette venture is one of the preferred international market entry mode.An international articulate venture is a separate legal Organizational entity in which at least two partners that are economically, Geographically and legally independent of each other participate (Frdric and Pierre 2006). Many multinational corporations use the knock venture as the market entry mode to enter in to developing countries (young,1994 Mickiewicz , 1986). International joint ventures are popular institutional forms chosen by less developed countries to attract unconnected direct investment and knowledge . Through the partnership with the exotic venture it will help in knowledge transf er in terms of technology, it also will bring in employment opportunities in the local anesthetic coarse and grow the flow of foreign currencies (Udo ,Sugata and Arijit 2003).In an individualistic grown economy joint venture is used as strategic option. An foreign confederation send away not came a open its branch straight away in the local market, so to overcome this barrier the foreign confederation merge with the local company to form a joint venture..The main thing about the joint ventures are the foreign companies jointly decide with the local company to create a legal entity to share the ownership, profit or loss and other benefits of the business. Despite a strong understanding between the companies and with huge amount of resources also, the joint venture achieve a high failure rate. This is because of the differences in culture ,strategy planning and organizing , it initially start with differences an result in problem (Bruce ,1988). One of the preferred international market entry is joint venture, the other entry modes are Licensing , Direct Foreign Investment , Internationalization , Franchising and exports. vocalise ventures involve two or more than legally formed distinct organizations , each of which shares in the decision making activities of the jointly owned entity (Geringer and Hebert 1991 Geringer 1988 ). It is deemed to be an international joint venture when at least one partners head quartered outside the venture country of activities, or if the Joint Venture has a greater level of operations in more than one country (Geringer and Hebert 1991 Geringer and Hebert 1989). In the rapidly changing international environment the intense technology and timely competition there are study variegates slightly the world that are political and economical . It is closely examined that joint venture or any other forms of business relates with ownership , instruction execution and control (Hans, Stephen ,. 1997)The joint venture suffer a high failure rate because its got more than two elicit organization. It is reported that 47% of the firms have more than 3 advance firms. A study in the article states that if a joint venture consist of more number of parent company means it will stool failure. (YAPING , ODED , YADONG and MEE-KAU ,. 2007).The experience of the parent company will bow the joint venture with the company in the developing countries. Essential resources and mutual understanding between the parent companies is important for the joint ventures success. The needed resources and acheived experience of joint ventures parent partner are important to cope the relationship , which leads to trust and ultimate understanding . Companies should determine for a potential partners with joint venture experiences and should have adequate knowledge to provide complementary resources (Sim and Yunus. 1998).. For example, Bangladeshi firms should expect foreign companies such with appropriate technology, joint venture exp erience ,overseas marketing knowledge, managerial expertises and networks. So as the foreign company will look in the Bangladeshi firm is local market knowledge, cost effectiveness in inputs and past joint venture experience. Market strength and technology and export orientation where other important successful factors for joint ventures . Unlike the developed countries the developing countries need local parental control and good technology were needed to create its venture to success(Sim and Yunus. 1998).Kathryn 1988 argues that Customer Attributes will influence firms abilities to differentiate their product offerings from those of competitors and they will also(1) determine whether sponsoring firms can standardize their respective product configurations across markets (2) grant their ventures much operating autonomy . The change in particular partners strategy , choosing of strategy for the joint venture and the action of the competitors must focus during the changes in the ven ture. And the dynamics of ventures owner and the partners collaboration must be alter to hypothetical changes in the respective strategically need , c apability and success of other owners in the international venture(Kathryn 1988) .The important and most surprising question is , why do joint ventures fail?. The example is This research is based on a systemetic analysis of a joint venture associating a Brazilian company (local partner), Algar, formerly ABC, with a French company Bull (foreign partner). The joint venture was founded in 1983, initially it was called as ABC-BULL but later it changed it name as ALGAR BULL, the change in the balance of power took place in 1989.then the partners separated due to situation of subsidiary. Both the companies attain huge profits but the conditions turned to be unfavorable . In the end Bull took over the entire company from to form Bull South America, right form the beginning Bulls have major rights on the company and more power on decision making process also. The main differences through the joint venture in to dissolution is the heathen factor. It has affected almost everything in that joint venture. Despite its dissolution it is considered to be a successful Joint venture(Frdric and Pierre 2006 ).In the previous observational studies using the meta-analysis it examines the relation between the culture and decision making strategies. The result declares that individualistic cultures prefers a f orcing strategy more over a incorporated cultures, wherein more likely collective cultures use withdrawing, compromising and problem solving strategies than that of the capitalistic culture (Lung-Tu 2007).Key factors for managing International Joint venture success are Performance, Human Resource development , Practices based on host cultural characteristics, Quality performance, Training competence, Flexibility and Adaptation , Technological sophistication, Knowledge acquisition from foreign partners, Cooperation between parents, Recourses sharing, Equity sharing, Governance, Political risk in host country these are some of the important key success factors that influence the International Joint venture into success. If there is any misunderstanding or conflict in these issues means it will develop a crack in the joint venture (Michael , Schon and Andreas ,. 2007 ). The individual bargaining power of the partners should determine which of them should bring the particular resources , to cut down the cost (Kathryn 1986 Beamish , Peter 1997 ).In another example its booster HONDA , it is the merge of HERO group of India and Honda of Japan to produce bikes, it is one of the biggest and most profit earning company in the world in terms of motorcycle sales . It is selling more than 1 million bikes per year. And it is ranked 108th in The Forbes 200 most reputed companies list 2006.Another popular example for the successful international joint venture is Sony Ericsson. The joint venture of this company wa s establishes on October 2001, it is the joint venture between Japanese Sony Corporation and the Swedish telecom communications company Ericsson to stir mobile phones and smart phones. In the insurance industries there are also some emerging international ventures they are in following examples , such as Aviva Life Insurance Company India Ltd. It is joint venture between the Aviva life insurance in united kingdom and India based Dabur company, its Dabur that holds 74%of the stake in the company and it used the brand name of Aviva. In another example Bajaj Allianz Life Insurance Co., Ltd. , it is the joint venture between the Indian Motorcycle company Bajaj and German Insurance Giant Allianz Insurance. The important thing to be noted in this is that global players in the business world are elaborating there impart through the mode of joint ventures, and they are also using there experience in to the business they are involved . Which will result in a success rate . Another awaiting joint venture in India is between Indias Bharti group and the worlds largest retailer Wal-Mart .To conclude this essay on International Joint venture, it is that the success of any joint venture is within that organization .in the very beginning itself the counterparts should target a goal and should work towards that. The partners of the joint ventures not only should share profit and losses and resources , but they also should be open to share there operational , strategies , technology ,trust , knowledge acquisition from foreign partners , pickaxe of experienced partner and performances. And they should overcome the barriers such as cultural differences , managerial inequalities ,lack of knowledge, selection of inexperienced partner, lack in communication, and political . These barriers should be carefully tackled differently the joint venture will end up in failure. Despite the failures in the international joint venture rate is high companies prefer to go for it , because the y enter a new market . Thus the international joint venture should overcome the above mentioned odds and barriers to become successful joint venture in the international market .References Udo Broll, Sugata Marjit, and Arijit Mukherjee 2003, FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT, CREDIBLE POLICY The Role of Risk Sharing, THE INTERNATIONAL TRADE JOURNAL, Volume XVII, No. 2 Pg 165-176Geringer, J. Michael., and Louis.Hebert, 1989, Control and Performance Of International Joint Venture . journal Of International Business Studies, 20 Pg 235-254.Geringer, J. Michael., and Louis.Hebert. 1991, MEASURING PERFORMANCE OF INTERNATIONAL JOINT VENTURES , Journal of International Business Studies 1991, Vol. 22 Issue 2, p249-264,Geringer, J. Michael. 1988. Joint venture partner selection Strategies for developed countries. West-port Conn. Quorum Books.Killing, J. Peter. 1983. Strategies for joint venture success. New York Praeger.Bruce Kogut ,.1988.Joint Ventures Theoretical and Emperical Perspectives , Strat egic centering Journal ,Vol. 9, Pg319-332 .Hans Mjoen . Stephen Tallman,. 1997. Control and Performance in international Joint venture. ORGANIZATION SCIENCE ,. VOI. 8, No, 3.Richard N. Osborn ,. and John Hagedoorn , 1997. THE INSTITUTIONALIZATION AND EVOLUTIONARY DYNAMICS OF INTERORGANIZATIONAL ALLIANCES AND NETWORKS . Academy of management journal. Vol.40,No. 2 , 261-278.Frdric Prevot, and Pierre-Xavier Meschi. 2006 . Evolution of an International Joint Venture The Case of a French Brazilian Joint Venture. Thunderbird International Business check over, Vol. 48(3) Pg 297-319YAPING GONG, ODED SHENKAR, YADONG LUO and MEE-KAU NYAW ,. 2007 . DO MULTIPLE PARENTS second OR HINDER INTERNATIONA JOINT VENTURE PERFORMANCE? THE MEDIATING ROLES OF CONTRACT COMPLETENESS AND PARTNER COOPERATION , Strategic Management Journal,. 28 Pg 1021 -1034.Michael Nippa , Schon Beechler and Andreas Klossek ,. 2007. Success Factors for Managing International Joint Ventures A Review and an Integrative Frame work , Management and Organization Review.32 2007A. B . Sim and Yunus Ali ,. 1998.Performance of international joint venture from developing and developed countries An Emperical Study in a Developing Country context . Journal Of world Business / 33(4).Lung-Tu Lu,. 2007. The Effect Of Cultural Similarity On International Joint Ventures An Emperical Study . International Journal of Management. Vol.24 No.2 Pg 230-241 .Kathryn Rudie Harrigan,. 1988. Joint Venture And Competitive Strategy. Strategic Management Journal. issue 9 Pg 141-158 (1988).W. Beamish, J. Peter Killing,. 1997. Cooperative Strategies Asian Pacific Perspectives.Craig C. Julian,. 2005. International joint venture performance in South East Asia.Kathryn Rudie Harrigan,. 1986. San Francisco new Lexington Press .

Reaching Beyond Pen and Paper :: Essays Papers

Reaching Beyond Pen and PaperLearning in school is always a given. When students are taught a subject they are eventually tested on the tuition lettered. Most teachers use tests, handouts or papers as methods of evaluating how much a student has learned in their course. With the development of technology and the increasing amount of internet access that most schoolrooms have, teachers are now thinking outside the box and coming up with new ways to assess their students. Creating web pages and using online tools such as Blackboard are some of the ways teachers can have students present information they have learned. These methods are being used more often as technology grows. Though these alternative ways of assessments seem to benefit teachers, they benefit students as well. Allowing students to be more creative when completing assignments ensures their enjoyment and likelihood to do better.In 1994 Duke Universitys Department of Biochemical Engineering initiated its first use of i nfrared emission (IR) cyberspaceing. The varietyroom became completely wireless without a physical alteration to the room. Each student had to purchase a PowerBook to be able to participate in the classroom discussions and projects. The professor also had a PowerBook with a program called Timbuktu installed on it, which allowed him to access any students computer screen and project the information seen onto a screen that the unit of measurement class could see. The program also allowed the teacher complete control of the students keyboard and trackball. Through use of the IR network, the class could work on group projects more comfortably because they would be working though one computer. The system opened more opportunities for students to learn information effectively. For example, if a student had a problem or chief about the information being learned in the class, they would simply raise their hand, the teacher would select the name from a menu bar, and instantly the whole class would see the students computer screen projected on the big screen. With the whole class being able to see the problem or question an individual had, they could all collaboratively help or learn from the problem. The teacher could address the question to the class and the students could help each other out.The IR network system allowed the classroom to become completely paperless. Without the hassle of handouts, research papers, and paper tests, the professor could concentrate on the information being learned by his students.

education Essay -- essays research papers

Rather than emphasizing on maintaining discipline in a classroom, classroom management would be more appropriate for an rough-and-ready instructor. Discipline has two significant limitations such that discipline highlights the individual rather than the classroom and secondly it connotes negative behavior (352). Whereas classroom management is broadly outlined as all of those positive behaviors and decisions a teacher makes to facilitate the breeding process of their students also reiterating all of those activities necessary to create and maintain an orderly cultivation environment (352). The reason why creating an powerful classroom management plan is essential is to create a positive and productive learning environment, be open to work and communicate with the students, reduce the incidents of misbehavior while maintaining student interest, motivation, and involvement. Everyone classroom is diverse since not one person is the same. Keeping this concept in mind, it is weigh ty to understand that everyone, primarily the students, claim different cultural beliefs, values and attitudes. Some students may also come from a single p arent home or may agree their family going through a divorce. By understanding each student and their various cultural diversities, it will help the effective teacher produce a stronger level of communication with their students and encourage a productive learning environment. It is authorized to acknowledge each students differences and not ignore their needs away the academic setting. With the focus of creating an effective classroom management plan, it is essential to define rules and implement them so they may be makely and easily understood. While establishing rules it is important to remember that the goal is to establish and maintain an effective learning environment (361). While developing rules for the classroom, it is best that the list of rules be few yet clear and concise. It is also important to involve the stud ents in the development of these rules this not only facilitates their understanding and ownership but also cultivates their sense of power and self-esteem (362). The effective teacher will realize that by including students into the decision making process of their own classroom management, they are encouraging a more productive learning environment. ... ...ively enthusiastic in a classroom is important to engage student motivation. This can be implemented by showing interest in the vitrine matter being discussed and the teachers enthusiasm should reflect onto the students. Organization is important to be developed in the classroom so that the students may look at the organizational skills outside the classroom and through out the rest of their lives. This can be implemented by having the students organize their desks at the end of every calendar week and having a binder/notebook of their work shown to the teacher periodically which is organized according to the rules the teach er has established. Following through the rules is also important for the children because it is necessary that they have a consistent environment. The rules may be positively reinforced but this must be consistently done. It is a teachers role to have patience and with that the students will benefit the most. Finally, rules shall be implemented with respect, courtesy and listening on both ends of the spectrum. By showing the student that you, the teacher, has these qualities, they will realize that these are crucial in the proper development of a well-rounded student.